Enhancing Diesel Combustion Efficiency with Multi-Stage Fuel Injection: Applications in Maritime and Heavy-Duty Agricultural Engines

Document Type : Original Research

Authors

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imam Khomeini Marine Sciences University, Nowshahr, Iran.

10.22103/bbr.2025.24453.1106

Abstract

Diesel engines are extensively used worldwide, particularly in Iran, for power generation, ship propulsion, and agricultural machinery such as tractors. This study examines the performance of a heavy-duty diesel engine by evaluating four different fuel injection rate models using computational fluid dynamics. Results indicate that the triangular injection rate yields optimal performance, improving brake-specific fuel consumption by 5.5% and increasing peak combustion chamber temperature compared to other models. Reducing the nozzle diameter from 330 to 190 microns enhances combustion efficiency and lowers carbon monoxide (CO) emissions by 15%. Shortening the injection duration to 2 milliseconds improves specific fuel consumption by 3.3%, reflecting better combustion performance. Additionally, a spray angle of 147.5 degrees optimizes fuel-air mixing, leading to more complete combustion and minimal CO emissions. Finally, a 7.5% exhaust gas recirculation rate is identified as the optimal balance for reducing both soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions.

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References

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History

  • Receive Date: 30 November 2024
  • Revise Date: 31 January 2025
  • Accept Date: 07 March 2025

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